Unindo forças: como o DMA pode ser combinado com bancos de desenvolvimento para melhorar a competitividade nos mercados digitais na Europa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47975/ijdl.v7.1323Palavras-chave:
Digital Markets Act; contestabilidade de mercado; financiamento ao desenvolvimento; remédios estruturais; integração das políticas de concorrência.Resumo
Este artigo examina o alinhamento limitado entre os objetivos regulatórios do Digital Markets Act (DMA) e as orientações estratégicas dos bancos de desenvolvimento europeus. Embora o DMA aspire a aumentar a contestabilidade e reduzir a concentração nos mercados digitais, essas instituições de fomento não incorporaram tais objetivos em seus mandatos de inovação e investimento. Os achados indicam que a proporcionalidade regulatória, quando interpretada de forma restrita e dissociada de efeitos mais amplos sobre a estrutura de mercado, dificilmente produzirá um aumento sustentável da concorrência. Além disso, a leitura cautelosa do DMA pela Comissão Europeia tende a limitar a adoção de remédios estruturais capazes de gerar efeitos dissuasórios significativos e oportunidades reais de entrada no mercado. Nesse contexto, o artigo sustenta que o uso deliberado dos bancos de desenvolvimento como instrumentos complementares de política de concorrência poderia fortalecer a efetividade do arcabouço europeu para os mercados digitais. Conclui-se identificando uma lacuna de coordenação institucional que convida a pesquisas comparativas, especialmente com referência a bancos de desenvolvimento de outras jurisdições que atuaram para fomentar a contestabilidade em setores estratégicos.
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